Relative expression of ATI CM1 among the different genotypes at different growth stages. A: Comparative expression during development in each genotype separately; B: Comparative expression among the genotypes in each growth stage separately.
Amylase and Trypsin inhibition assay:
As there are many other types of inhibitors present in wheat, we had also quantified the level of total amylase inhibition as well as total trypsin inhibition caused by a particular wheat genotype at mature stage.
The result shows higher inhibition of amylase enzyme by wheat extract of DD genotype as the other progenitor’s AA and BB shows less inhibition of amylase enzyme. Among the cultivated wheat hexaploid shows higher inhibition of amylase enzyme as compared to tetraploid wheat. For trypsin inhibition, among the three wheat progenitors wheat extract of AA genotypes shows higher inhibition of trypsin enzyme as compared to the other two i.e. BB and DD. This result shows that among the cultivated wheat hexaploid shows higher inhibition of trypsin enzyme as compared to tetraploid wheat.
Trancriptome analysis of cultivated wheat and its progenitors during grain filling:
As grain development is very important physiological process, under this project we performed reference assisted de-novo transcriptome analysis of cultivated wheat and its progenitors during grain filling. On an average of 64.03 million high quality reads were obtained, of which ~79.04% of reads aligned to the reference (Triticum aestivum) genome. Denovo analysis was carried out for the unaligned reads. Transcripts generated for reference based as well as Denovo were merged to create master unigene, which was further used for annotation and differential analysis.
| Sample Name |
Raw Reads (in millions) |
Processed Reads (in millions) | Alignment (%) |
Reference based transcripts generated |
Denovo transcripts generated |
| AN104_PKM1 (AA) | 55.62 | 48.84 | 67.95 | 86167 | 196466 |
| PBW343_PKM5 (AABBDD) | 103.31 | 92.30 | 89.61 | 133840 | 158640 |
| PDW233_PKMPKM4 (AABB) | 75.81 | 67.53 | 88.21 | 117579 | 224868 |
|
PN84_PKM2 (BB) |
55.92 | 50.57 | 64.38 | 97381 | 287370 |
|
PN95_PKM3 (DD) |
68.13 | 60.91 | 85.08 | 92822 | 134657 |
Summary of trimming and read mapping results of the sequences generated from five cDNA libraries of AA: T. monococcum (PKM1); BB: Ae. speltoides (PKM2); DD: A. squarossa (PKM3), durum wheat (AABB: PDW233) (PKM4) and bread wheat (AABBDD: PBW343) (PKM5).